Resurfaçage de la hanche

The hip is a ball-and-socket joint where the round head of the femur moves within the acetabulum, the socket that holds the ball in place. The round head of the femur is supported by the femoral neck, which ties it to the rest of the femur (your thighbone) allowing you to move your leg when walking. Major physical trauma, among other causes, can lead to hip fractures, some of which cannot be repaired with a fixation technique using screws, requiring replacement of the femoral head and neck with a prosthesis.
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In a partial hip replacement, also known as partial hip arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty, only the femoral head (ball of the hip joint) is replaced with a prosthetic implant, whereas the acetabulum (hip socket) is left intact. This procedure is most commonly performed for fractures of the femoral neck, particularly in senior patients with osteoporosis and other conditions that make full hip replacement less suitable. Your surgeon may recommend a hemiarthroplasty if you have a fractured hip that cannot be repaired with screws or plates to help restore your mobility, relieve your pain, and avoid future complications. A hemiarthroplasty typically takes about one to two hours to complete.

As with any surgery, hemiarthroplasty carries risks. Complications specific to the surgery include:

● Dislocation of the prosthetic joint (1-7%)
● Periprosthetic fracture (1.7-4%)
● Surgical site infection (2-7%)
● Leg length discrepancy
● Aseptic loosening (loosening of the prosthesis over time)
● Acetabular erosion or protrusion

General minor risks of surgery and anesthesia include nausea, vomiting, headaches, sore throat, and urinary retention. General major risks include blood clots, which can lead to heart attack or stroke, allergic reactions, infection of the surgical wound, and pneumonia. Your surgeon will make sure to discuss the relevant risks with you prior to your surgery and take precautions to minimize the risk of any complications.

Before the surgery, your doctor will examine your hip, and you will receive a thorough pre-surgical workup, which is likely to include blood work and imaging studies such as X-rays or MRI to start planning the surgery and make sure it is right for you. To minimize the risk of complications, you will receive antibiotics before your surgery to prevent infections and may receive anticoagulants to avoid blood clots. General anesthesia is commonly used for hemiarthroplasty, but regional anesthesia (e.g. as spinal or epidural) may also be an option.
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Pain control after surgery is essential for your recovery. Your surgeon may prescribe pain medication such as ibuprofen (e.g. Advil), acetaminophen (e.g. Tylenol), naproxen (e.g. Aleve) or opioids (e.g. oxycodone) for short-term pain management. In some cases, nerve blocks may be provided for immediate postoperative pain relief.

After an outpatient hemiarthroplasty, you will typically get to go home the same day, provided your surgeon determines that your recovery is on the right track. Your postoperative care will include medications to manage your pain and prevent blood clots, along with starting physical therapy early to help you recover quickly. Starting physiotherapy is crucial for your recovery. Your physical therapist will guide you through a regimen designed to restore mobility, strength, and function. You can expect to begin light exercises and walking with assistance within a day or two after the surgery. During your recovery, you should avoid heavy lifting and high-impact activities such as manual labor or intense sports. Full recovery, allowing you to return to all activities, typically takes three to six months. Your follow-up appointments with your surgeon will ensure your recovery is on the right track.